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Compare Stocks › UNH vs WRB

UnitedHealth Group Incorporated (UNH) vs W. R. Berkley Corporation (WRB)

UNH
UnitedHealth Group Incorporated
$368.78
VS
WRB
W. R. Berkley Corporation
$66.38

Rewards

UNH
  • ★Dividend yield of 2.40% with a consistent or growing payout over the past 4 years.
WRB
  • ★W. R. Berkley Corporation scores 99/100 on the Economic Moat Score (Wide Moat), with revenue predictability as the strongest competitive dimension.
  • ★Free cash flow has grown at a 10.7% CAGR over the past 4 years, demonstrating strong earnings power growth.
  • ★Each dollar of retained earnings has created $1.39 of earning power — management is creating shareholder value.

Risks

UNH
  • ⚠ROIC has declined by 7.9 percentage points over the observed period, which may signal competitive erosion.
  • ⚠Gross margin of 18.8% is low, suggesting a competitive or commodity-like market with limited pricing power.
  • ⚠FCF yield of 5.3% suggests reasonable valuation assuming continued moderate growth.
WRB
  • ⚠Altman Z-Score of 1.22 places the company in the distress zone — financial patterns resemble those of companies that experienced bankruptcy.

Key Valuation Metrics

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UNH
WRB
Valuation
$17.69B
Free Cash Flow
$3.22B
5.28%
FCF Yield
12.45%
27.85
Trailing P/E
14.06
17.77
Forward P/E
13.78
Quality & Moat
15.60%
ROIC
15.61%
11.45%
ROE
18.25%
18.80%
Gross Margin
43.65%
39.79
PEG Ratio
0.54
Balance Sheet Safety
0.74
Debt / Equity
0.32
N/A
Interest Coverage
N/A
2.18
Net Debt / EBITDA
-0.14
2.40%
Dividend Yield
0.54%
UNH: 2Ties: 2WRB: 8
UNHWRB

Historical Fundamentals

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UNH

Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.

WRB

Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.

Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.

$1 Retained Earnings Test

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UNH
$-7.37
created per $1 retained over 3 years
Market Cap Declined
Σ Retained
$26.63B
Δ Market Cap
$-196.16B
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
WRB
$2.28
created per $1 retained over 3 years
Exceptional Value Creator
Σ Retained
$3.18B
Δ Market Cap
+$7.25B
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer

Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer

Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Analysis

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UNH
9.6% Overvalued
Price is 9.6% above estimated fair value
Current Price: $368.78
Fair Value: $336.33
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued
WRB
11.8% Margin of Safety
Price is 11.8% below estimated fair value
Current Price: $66.38
Fair Value: $75.23
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued

Reverse DCF — Market-Implied Growth

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UNH

What growth rate is the market pricing in at $369?

+13.9%
Market-Implied Owner Earnings Growth
Standard FCF implies +8.7%

The market implies +13.9% Owner Earnings growth, above historical trends.

Standard FCF implies a demanding +8.7%, reflecting heavy growth investment.

WRB

What growth rate is the market pricing in at $66?

+3.2%
Market-Implied Owner Earnings Growth
Standard FCF implies -5.2%

The market implies +3.2% Owner Earnings growth, below historical trends — potential opportunity.

Standard FCF implies a more demanding -5.2%, reflecting heavy growth investment expected to generate future returns.

Economic Moat Score

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UNH
64/100
Narrow Moat
70+ Wide · 40-69 Narrow · <40 None

Narrow moat with revenue predictability as the key competitive advantage. Improving margin stability would strengthen the moat.

Composite score measuring competitive advantage durability across four dimensions: returns above cost of capital, pricing power stability, revenue predictability, and capital efficiency. Based on 4 years of fundamental data.
WRB
99/100
Wide Moat
70+ Wide · 40-69 Narrow · <40 None

Wide moat driven primarily by revenue predictability. Margin Stability is the area most vulnerable to competitive pressure.

Composite score measuring competitive advantage durability across four dimensions: returns above cost of capital, pricing power stability, revenue predictability, and capital efficiency. Based on 4 years of fundamental data.

Forensic Accounting

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UNH
-2.45
Unlikely Manipulator
Above -1.78 = likely manipulator · -2.22 to -1.78 = grey zone

M-Score Trend

Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.
WRB
-2.63
Unlikely Manipulator
Above -1.78 = likely manipulator · -2.22 to -1.78 = grey zone

M-Score Trend

Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.

Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.

Ownership Breakdown

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UNH
Insiders 0.8%Institutions 84.7%Retail & Other 14.5%
No. of Institutional Holders4,077
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders — a key signal in Buffett-style analysis. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.
WRB
Insiders 25.1%Institutions 75.9%
No. of Institutional Holders1,231
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders — a key signal in Buffett-style analysis. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.

High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.

Insider Buying Activity

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UNH
0
Buys (3M)
5
Buys (12M)
Total value (12M): $31.61M
HEMSLEY STEPHEN J
Chief Executive Officer
$25.02M
@ $288.57 · 2025-05-16
REX JOHN F
President
$5.00M
@ $291.12 · 2025-05-16
GIL KRISTEN
Director
$1.00M
@ $271.17 · 2025-05-15
NOSEWORTHY JOHN H
Director
$93,647
@ $312.16 · 2025-05-14
FLYNN TIMOTHY PATRICK
Director
$491,786
@ $320.80 · 2025-05-14
FLYNN TIMOTHY PATRICK
Director
$511,575
@ $511.57 · 2025-01-17
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises
WRB
8
Buys (3M)
19
Buys (12M)
Total value (12M): $665.29M
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$18.75M
@ $72.61 · 2026-03-03
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$21.49M
@ $71.65 · 2026-02-27
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$39.38M
@ $71.13 · 2026-02-25
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$35.74M
@ $70.70 · 2026-02-20
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$2.84M
@ $70.93 · 2026-02-13
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$6.83M
@ $69.68 · 2026-02-11
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$2.84M
@ $70.88 · 2026-02-06
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$21.45M
@ $68.05 · 2026-02-04
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$33.09M
@ $68.22 · 2026-01-30
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$69.30M
@ $67.35 · 2026-01-28
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$46.90M
@ $67.19 · 2026-01-23
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$42.61M
@ $67.64 · 2026-01-21
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$36.64M
@ $68.49 · 2026-01-16
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$55.62M
@ $68.58 · 2026-01-14
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$32.64M
@ $69.45 · 2026-01-09
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$47.42M
@ $69.61 · 2026-01-07
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$47.17M
@ $70.11 · 2026-01-02
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$62.04M
@ $70.53 · 2025-12-29
MITSUI SUMITOMO INSURANCE CO., LTD.
Beneficial Owner of more than 10% of a Class of Security
$42.55M
@ $69.71 · 2025-12-22
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises

Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises.

Insider Selling Activity

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UNH
1
Sells (3M)
2
Sells (12M)
Total value (12M): $463,645
CONWAY PATRICK HUGH M.D.
Officer
$284,000
@ $355.00 · 2026-04-23
CONWAY PATRICK HUGH M.D.
Chief Executive Officer
$179,645
@ $305.00 · 2025-06-10
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives
WRB
0
Sells (3M)
0
Sells (12M)
No open market insider sales found.
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives

Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives.

🎭 Mr. Market's Mood

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UNH
FearGreed
😏Greed(65/100)

"Market is optimistic — be cautious and ensure you have a margin of safety"

Composite sentiment score based on 6 market signals. Inspired by Buffett's "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.
WRB
FearGreed
😐Neutral(49/100)

"Market is pricing this stock without strong emotion in either direction"

Composite sentiment score based on 6 market signals. Inspired by Buffett's "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.

Composite sentiment score based on market signals. Inspired by Buffett’s "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.

⚖️ Buffett Signal

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UNH
⚪Awaiting DCF Data

The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.

DCF Margin of Safety: N/AMr. Market's Mood: Greed (65)
WRB
⚪Awaiting DCF Data

The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.

DCF Margin of Safety: N/AMr. Market's Mood: Neutral (49)
View UNH Full AnalysisView WRB Full Analysis