Pfizer Inc. (PFE) vs Valero Energy Corporation (VLO): Which Is the Better Buy in 2026?
As of 2026-09-17, PFE is overvalued at $28, with a DCF intrinsic value of $22 and a margin of safety of -24%. VLO is fairly valued at $409, with an intrinsic value of $396 and a margin of safety of -3%. Of the two, VLO has the wider margin of safety.
Rewards
- ★Gross margin of 74.7% indicates strong pricing power — typical of businesses with significant intellectual property or brand strength.
- ★Insiders have bought $3.0M worth of stock in the past 3 months — significant skin in the game.
- ★Share count has been reduced by 20% over the past 4 years through buybacks, increasing each share's claim on earnings.
- ★Altman Z-Score of 4.64 indicates very low bankruptcy risk — the company is firmly in the safe zone.
Risks
- ⚠ROIC has declined by 15.9 percentage points over the past 4 years, which may signal competitive erosion.
- ⚠FCF yield of 7.9% suggests reasonable valuation assuming continued moderate growth.
- ⚠PEG ratio of 12.68 indicates the stock is expensive relative to its expected growth — the market may be pricing in more growth than analysts project.
- ⚠ROIC has declined by 24.6 percentage points over the past 4 years, which may signal competitive erosion.
- ⚠Gross margin of 16.1% is low, suggesting a competitive or commodity-like market with limited pricing power.
- ⚠FCF yield of 7.2% suggests reasonable valuation assuming continued moderate growth.
Key Valuation Metrics
Learn more →Historical Fundamentals
Learn more →Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation. The dashed forward point is the forward P/E — today's price ÷ analyst consensus EPS.
Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation. The dashed forward point is the forward P/E — today's price ÷ analyst consensus EPS.
Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation. The dashed forward point is the forward P/E — today's price ÷ analyst consensus EPS.
$1 Retained Earnings Test
Learn more →> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Analysis
Learn more →Reverse DCF — Market-Implied Growth
Learn more →What growth rate is the market pricing in at $28?
The market implies +6.2% Owner Earnings growth, above historical trends.
Standard FCF implies a demanding +5.3%, reflecting heavy growth investment.
What growth rate is the market pricing in at $409?
The market implies +11.1% Owner Earnings growth, above historical trends.
Standard FCF implies a demanding +3.2%, reflecting heavy growth investment.
Economic Moat Score
Learn more →No durable moat detected, though reinvestment efficiency shows some competitive positioning. The business lacks consistent evidence of sustainable advantages.
Narrow moat with reinvestment efficiency as the key competitive advantage. Improving margin stability would strengthen the moat.
Forensic Accounting
Learn more →M-Score Trend
M-Score Trend
Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.
Ownership Breakdown
Learn more →High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.
Insider Buying Activity
Learn more →Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises.
Insider Selling Activity
Learn more →Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives.
🎭 Mr. Market's Mood
Learn more →"Market is optimistic — be cautious and ensure you have a margin of safety"
"Market is optimistic — be cautious and ensure you have a margin of safety"
Composite sentiment score based on market signals. Inspired by Buffett’s "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.
⚖️ Buffett Signal
Learn more →The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.
The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.
Frequently Asked Questions: PFE vs VLO
Is Pfizer Inc. or Valero Energy Corporation more undervalued in 2026?▼
Based on our discounted cash flow model, VLO trades at a -3.3% margin of safety (intrinsic value $396 vs. price $409), compared to PFE's -23.6% margin of safety (intrinsic $22 vs. $28).
Which stock has a wider economic moat, Pfizer Inc. or Valero Energy Corporation?▼
VLO scores 46/100 (Narrow moat), while PFE scores 35/100 (None moat). The moat score measures competitive advantage durability across ROIC consistency, margin stability, revenue predictability, and reinvestment efficiency.
Is Pfizer Inc. in financial distress?▼
PFE's Altman Z-Score of 2.1 places it in the Grey zone, signaling elevated bankruptcy risk. VLO scores 4.6 (Safe zone). The Altman Z-Score is a five-factor model that predicts insolvency within two years; scores below 1.81 indicate significant distress.
Which company has better free cash flow, Pfizer Inc. or Valero Energy Corporation?▼
Pfizer Inc. (PFE) generates a 7.9% free cash flow yield, compared to Valero Energy Corporation's 7.2%. A higher FCF yield means the business converts more of its market value into cash that can be returned to shareholders or reinvested.
Which stock has higher return on invested capital, Pfizer Inc. or Valero Energy Corporation?▼
VLO earns 32.4% ROIC versus PFE's 9.4%. A higher ROIC means the company generates more profit per dollar of capital employed, a hallmark of durable competitive advantage in Buffett-style analysis.
Which dividend is safer, Pfizer Inc.'s or Valero Energy Corporation's?▼
VLO's dividend earns a safety score of 84/100 (Very Safe), compared to PFE's 24/100 (Unsafe). VLO has raised its dividend for 3 consecutive years.