Compare Stocks › GS vs VRTX
The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (GS) vs Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (VRTX)
GS
The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.
$809.50
VS
VRTX
Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
$458.05
Rewards
GS
- ★Gross margin of 82.9% indicates strong pricing power — typical of businesses with significant intellectual property or brand strength.
- ★Share count has been reduced by 11% over the past 4 years through buybacks, increasing each share's claim on earnings.
- ★Each dollar of retained earnings has created $5.60 of market value — management is an exceptional capital allocator.
VRTX
- ★Each dollar of retained earnings has created $5.82 of market value — management is an exceptional capital allocator.
- ★PEG ratio of 0.91 suggests the stock is undervalued relative to its growth rate — paying less than 1x for each unit of earnings growth.
- ★Altman Z-Score of 12.04 indicates very low bankruptcy risk — the company is firmly in the safe zone.
Risks
GS
- ⚠The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. scores only 26/100 on the Economic Moat Score, suggesting limited durable competitive advantages.
- ⚠High leverage (5.96x debt/equity) combined with thin interest coverage (-1.0x) poses financial risk.
- ⚠Altman Z-Score of 0.25 places the company in the distress zone — financial patterns resemble those of companies that experienced bankruptcy.
VRTX
- ⚠ROIC has declined by 5.3 percentage points over the observed period, which may signal competitive erosion.
- ⚠FCF yield of 2.2% is below 3%, meaning the market is pricing in substantial future growth to justify the current price.
- ⚠30 insider sales totaling $75.0M with no purchases in the past 3 months — insiders are reducing their exposure.
Key Valuation Metrics
Learn more →GS
VRTX
Valuation
N/A
Free Cash Flow
$2.57B
N/A
FCF Yield
2.21%
15.77
Trailing P/E
29.94
12.45
Forward P/E
20.87
Quality & Moat
2.06%
ROIC
18.14%
13.00%
ROE
21.18%
82.88%
Gross Margin
53.66%
0.91
PEG Ratio
0.91
Balance Sheet Safety
5.96
Debt / Equity
0.11
N/A
Interest Coverage
N/A
N/A
Net Debt / EBITDA
-0.94
2.22%
Dividend Yield
N/A
GS: 3Ties: 2VRTX: 3
GSVRTX
Historical Fundamentals
Learn more →GS
Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.
VRTX
Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.
Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.
$1 Retained Earnings Test
Learn more →GS
$5.60
created per $1 retained over 3 years
Exceptional Value Creator
Σ Retained
$26.00B
Δ Market Cap
+$145.60B
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
VRTX
$5.82
created per $1 retained over 3 years
Exceptional Value Creator
Σ Retained
$7.04B
Δ Market Cap
+$40.93B
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Analysis
Learn more →GS
65.1% Margin of Safety
Price is 65.1% below estimated fair value
Current Price: $809.50
Strongly undervalued
Fairly valued
Strongly overvalued
Fair Value: $2319.70
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued
VRTX
10.2% Margin of Safety
Price is 10.2% below estimated fair value
Current Price: $458.05
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued
Fair Value: $510.34
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued
Reverse DCF — Market-Implied Growth
Learn more →GS
Requires positive FCF to compute implied growth rate.
VRTX
What growth rate is the market pricing in at $458?
+12.4%
Market-Implied Owner Earnings Growth
Standard FCF implies +18.3%
The market implies +12.4% Owner Earnings growth, above historical trends.
Standard FCF implies a demanding +18.3%, reflecting heavy growth investment.
Economic Moat Score
Learn more →GS
26/100
No Moat
70+ Wide · 40-69 Narrow · <40 None
No durable moat detected, though reinvestment efficiency shows some competitive positioning. The business lacks consistent evidence of sustainable advantages.
Composite score measuring competitive advantage durability across four dimensions: returns above cost of capital, pricing power stability, revenue predictability, and capital efficiency. Based on 4 years of fundamental data.
VRTX
65/100
Narrow Moat
70+ Wide · 40-69 Narrow · <40 None
Narrow moat with revenue predictability as the key competitive advantage. Improving margin stability would strengthen the moat.
Composite score measuring competitive advantage durability across four dimensions: returns above cost of capital, pricing power stability, revenue predictability, and capital efficiency. Based on 4 years of fundamental data.
Forensic Accounting
Learn more →GS
-2.00
Possible Manipulator
Above -1.78 = likely manipulator · -2.22 to -1.78 = grey zone
M-Score Trend
Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.
VRTX
-2.21
Possible Manipulator
Above -1.78 = likely manipulator · -2.22 to -1.78 = grey zone
M-Score Trend
Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.
Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.
Ownership Breakdown
Learn more →GS
Insiders 0.5%Institutions 75.7%Retail & Other 23.8%
No. of Institutional Holders3,730
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders — a key signal in Buffett-style analysis. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.
VRTX
Insiders 0.2%Institutions 97.7%Retail & Other 2.1%
No. of Institutional Holders2,318
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders — a key signal in Buffett-style analysis. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.
Insider Buying Activity
Learn more →GS
0
Buys (3M)
1
Buys (12M)
Total value (12M): $2.00M
HESS JOHN B JR.
Director
$2.00M
@ $511.68 · 2025-04-15
JOHNSON KEVIN RONALD
Director
$1.49M
@ $619.02 · 2025-01-17
FLAHERTY MARK A
Director
$29,545
@ $360.30 · 2024-09-27
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises
VRTX
0
Buys (3M)
2
Buys (12M)
Total value (12M): $5.84M
KEWALRAMANI RESHMA
Chief Executive Officer
$3.90M
@ $389.58 · 2025-08-06
SACHS BRUCE I
Director
$1.95M
@ $389.68 · 2025-08-06
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises.
Insider Selling Activity
Learn more →GS
6
Sells (3M)
11
Sells (12M)
Total value (12M): $59.99M
COLEMAN DENIS P.
Chief Financial Officer
$10.94M
@ $941.57 · 2026-02-09
SOLOMON DAVID M
Chief Executive Officer
$255,387
@ $938.92 · 2026-01-29
HALIO CAREY
Officer
$2.64M
@ $927.17 · 2026-01-27
FREDMAN SHEARA J.
Officer
$4.49M
@ $923.75 · 2026-01-23
RUEMMLER KATHRYN H
General Counsel
$8.89M
@ $927.51 · 2026-01-23
HALIO CAREY
Officer
$1.62M
@ $920.62 · 2026-01-23
WALDRON JOHN E.
President
$13.69M
@ $750.30 · 2025-08-28
COLEMAN DENIS P.
Chief Financial Officer
$5.41M
@ $724.40 · 2025-07-25
ROGERS JOHN F W
Officer
$4.31M
@ $717.39 · 2025-07-23
SOLOMON DAVID M
Chief Executive Officer
$4.71M
@ $712.31 · 2025-07-23
SOLOMON DAVID M
Chief Executive Officer
$3.04M
@ $607.17 · 2025-05-14
SOLOMON DAVID M
Chief Executive Officer
$1.50M
@ $622.15 · 2025-02-26
GOLTEN ALEXANDER SIMON
Officer
$3.31M
@ $636.25 · 2025-01-28
HALIO CAREY
Officer and Treasurer
$2.32M
@ $636.74 · 2025-01-24
FREDMAN SHEARA J.
Officer
$1.28M
@ $627.01 · 2025-01-21
RUEMMLER KATHRYN H
General Counsel
$4.76M
@ $634.69 · 2025-01-21
HALIO CAREY
Officer
$965,120
@ $624.67 · 2025-01-21
VINIAR DAVID A
Director
$3.06M
@ $612.08 · 2024-11-29
SOLOMON DAVID M
Chief Executive Officer
$4.00M
@ $610.91 · 2024-11-29
FREDMAN SHEARA J.
Officer
$1.77M
@ $594.51 · 2024-11-06
COLEMAN DENIS P.
Chief Financial Officer
$7.67M
@ $593.03 · 2024-11-06
ROGERS JOHN F W
Officer
$3.83M
@ $596.36 · 2024-11-06
SOLOMON DAVID M
Chief Executive Officer
$3.00M
@ $500.29 · 2024-08-15
VINIAR DAVID A
Director
$2.51M
@ $502.43 · 2024-07-16
SOLOMON DAVID M
Chief Executive Officer
$3.02M
@ $457.32 · 2024-05-10
VINIAR DAVID A
Director
$2.16M
@ $432.25 · 2024-04-29
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives
VRTX
30
Sells (3M)
40
Sells (12M)
Total value (12M): $146.21M
BOZIC CARMEN
Officer
$1.12M
@ $481.79 · 2026-03-13
MCKECHNIE DUNCAN
Officer
$1.31M
@ $498.42 · 2026-03-11
MCKECHNIE DUNCAN
Officer
$1.16M
@ $475.30 · 2026-03-04
LIU JOY
Officer
$442,396
@ $495.96 · 2026-03-02
BOZIC CARMEN
Officer
$1.12M
@ $480.31 · 2026-02-27
KEWALRAMANI RESHMA
Chief Executive Officer
$19.74M
@ $493.47 · 2026-02-27
AMBROSE KRISTEN
Officer
$172,560
@ $483.36 · 2026-02-26
ATKINSON EDWARD MORROW III
Chief Technology Officer
$324,882
@ $486.35 · 2026-02-25
MCKECHNIE DUNCAN
Officer
$2.39M
@ $487.65 · 2026-02-25
BUNNAGE MARK E.
Officer
$301,537
@ $486.35 · 2026-02-25
AMBROSE KRISTEN
Officer
$108,456
@ $486.35 · 2026-02-25
BILLER JONATHAN PRIM
Officer
$459,601
@ $486.35 · 2026-02-25
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$126,451
@ $486.35 · 2026-02-25
SACHDEV AMIT
Officer
$897,802
@ $486.35 · 2026-02-25
SACHDEV AMIT
Officer
$27.48M
@ $468.83 · 2026-02-19
ATKINSON EDWARD MORROW III
Chief Technology Officer
$1.38M
@ $484.93 · 2026-02-18
BUNNAGE MARK E.
Officer
$1.75M
@ $484.31 · 2026-02-18
AMBROSE KRISTEN
Officer
$1.06M
@ $484.87 · 2026-02-18
BILLER JONATHAN PRIM
Officer
$1.80M
@ $484.18 · 2026-02-18
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$472,395
@ $483.52 · 2026-02-18
BILLER JONATHAN PRIM
Officer
$493,012
@ $499.00 · 2026-02-13
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$749,985
@ $499.99 · 2026-02-13
BHATIA SANGEETA N
Director
$133,000
@ $500.00 · 2026-02-13
ATKINSON EDWARD MORROW III
Chief Technology Officer
$806,213
@ $460.43 · 2026-02-11
BUNNAGE MARK E.
Officer
$930,529
@ $460.43 · 2026-02-11
AMBROSE KRISTEN
Officer
$633,552
@ $460.43 · 2026-02-11
BILLER JONATHAN PRIM
Officer
$886,328
@ $460.43 · 2026-02-11
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$214,560
@ $460.43 · 2026-02-11
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$2.14M
@ $474.99 · 2026-01-07
WAGNER CHARLES F JR
Chief Operating Officer
$4.39M
@ $461.00 · 2026-01-06
BILLER JONATHAN PRIM
Officer
$155,803
@ $449.00 · 2025-12-03
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$2.02M
@ $449.99 · 2025-12-03
WAGNER CHARLES F JR
Chief Operating Officer
$6.38M
@ $456.00 · 2025-12-03
LEIDEN JEFFREY M
Officer and Director
$28.65M
@ $449.20 · 2025-12-03
ATKINSON EDWARD MORROW III
Chief Technology Officer
$1.09M
@ $434.58 · 2025-11-17
LEIDEN JEFFREY M
Officer and Director
$32.29M
@ $440.60 · 2025-11-14
BILLER JONATHAN PRIM
Officer
$280,522
@ $404.21 · 2025-10-02
BHATIA SANGEETA N
Director
$102,860
@ $386.69 · 2025-08-27
ALTSHULER DAVID
Officer
$22,084
@ $424.69 · 2025-05-15
BHATIA SANGEETA N
Director
$202,344
@ $505.86 · 2025-05-02
ALTSHULER DAVID
Officer
$1.65M
@ $510.00 · 2025-03-13
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$1.62M
@ $499.99 · 2025-03-10
ALTSHULER DAVID
Officer
$1.62M
@ $500.00 · 2025-03-10
WAGNER CHARLES F JR
Chief Financial Officer
$1.65M
@ $500.00 · 2025-03-10
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$1.97M
@ $485.49 · 2025-03-04
ALTSHULER DAVID
Officer
$1.58M
@ $490.00 · 2025-03-03
ATKINSON EDWARD MORROW III
Chief Technology Officer
$1.26M
@ $475.34 · 2025-02-27
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$251,930
@ $475.34 · 2025-02-27
ALTSHULER DAVID
Officer
$610,560
@ $480.00 · 2025-02-27
ATKINSON EDWARD MORROW III
Officer
$849,839
@ $480.95 · 2025-02-25
AMBROSE KRISTEN
Officer
$425,160
@ $480.95 · 2025-02-25
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$170,256
@ $480.95 · 2025-02-25
ALTSHULER DAVID
Officer
$407,846
@ $480.95 · 2025-02-25
ALTSHULER DAVID
Officer
$533,280
@ $480.00 · 2025-02-20
AMBROSE KRISTEN
Officer
$305,345
@ $455.06 · 2025-02-18
BILLER JONATHAN PRIM
Officer
$754,034
@ $455.06 · 2025-02-18
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$111,035
@ $455.06 · 2025-02-18
AMBROSE KRISTEN
Officer
$632,726
@ $459.83 · 2025-02-11
ATKINSON EDWARD MORROW III
Chief Technology Officer
$803,323
@ $459.83 · 2025-02-11
BILLER JONATHAN PRIM
Officer
$1.58M
@ $459.87 · 2025-02-11
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$142,547
@ $459.83 · 2025-02-11
ALTSHULER DAVID
Officer
$7,178
@ $478.53 · 2024-11-15
WAGNER CHARLES F JR
Chief Financial Officer
$1.55M
@ $518.27 · 2024-11-11
KEWALRAMANI RESHMA
Chief Executive Officer
$7.83M
@ $515.00 · 2024-11-08
BILLER JONATHAN PRIM
Officer
$461,198
@ $461.66 · 2024-10-02
BHATIA SANGEETA N
Director
$323,000
@ $500.00 · 2024-08-30
LEIDEN JEFFREY M
Officer and Director
$1.89M
@ $499.00 · 2024-08-30
BHATIA SANGEETA N
Director
$602,447
@ $466.29 · 2024-08-08
BOZIC CARMEN
Officer
$1.09M
@ $476.75 · 2024-08-07
SACHS BRUCE I
Director
$2.69M
@ $508.00 · 2024-08-01
KEWALRAMANI RESHMA
Chief Executive Officer
$7.68M
@ $505.00 · 2024-07-30
BOZIC CARMEN
Officer
$1.11M
@ $488.46 · 2024-07-24
KEWALRAMANI RESHMA
Chief Executive Officer
$7.56M
@ $497.00 · 2024-07-22
BOZIC CARMEN
Officer
$1.11M
@ $487.34 · 2024-07-10
BOZIC CARMEN
Officer
$1.08M
@ $471.72 · 2024-06-26
BOZIC CARMEN
Officer
$1.09M
@ $478.00 · 2024-06-12
ATKINSON EDWARD MORROW III
Chief Technology Officer
$3.48M
@ $478.00 · 2024-06-12
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$1.00M
@ $460.00 · 2024-06-03
WAGNER CHARLES F JR
Chief Financial Officer
$1.50M
@ $460.00 · 2024-06-03
TATSIS OURANIA
Officer
$2.03M
@ $441.99 · 2024-05-31
BOZIC CARMEN
Officer
$1.02M
@ $445.56 · 2024-05-29
WAGNER CHARLES F JR
Chief Financial Officer
$1.48M
@ $454.79 · 2024-05-28
KEWALRAMANI RESHMA
Chief Executive Officer
$715,205
@ $457.00 · 2024-05-24
SACHS BRUCE I
Director
$3.17M
@ $448.00 · 2024-05-22
KEWALRAMANI RESHMA
Chief Executive Officer
$6.80M
@ $447.00 · 2024-05-20
ARBUCKLE STUART A
Chief Operating Officer
$29,734
@ $430.93 · 2024-05-15
ALTSHULER DAVID
Officer
$23,270
@ $430.93 · 2024-05-15
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives.
🎭 Mr. Market's Mood
Learn more →GS
😐Neutral(48/100)
"Market is pricing this stock without strong emotion in either direction"
Composite sentiment score based on 6 market signals. Inspired by Buffett's "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.
VRTX
😐Neutral(50/100)
"Market is pricing this stock without strong emotion in either direction"
Composite sentiment score based on 6 market signals. Inspired by Buffett's "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.
Composite sentiment score based on market signals. Inspired by Buffett’s "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.
⚖️ Buffett Signal
Learn more →GS
⚪Awaiting DCF Data
The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.
DCF Margin of Safety: N/AMr. Market's Mood: Neutral (48)
VRTX
⚪Awaiting DCF Data
The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.
DCF Margin of Safety: N/AMr. Market's Mood: Neutral (50)