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Compare Stocks › BAC vs HUM

Bank of America Corporation (BAC) vs Humana Inc. (HUM)

BAC
Bank of America Corporation
$47.01
VS
HUM
Humana Inc.
$166.45

Rewards

BAC
  • ★Each dollar of retained earnings has created $2.37 of market value — management is an exceptional capital allocator.
  • ★PEG ratio of 0.58 suggests the stock is undervalued relative to its growth rate — paying less than 1x for each unit of earnings growth.
HUM
  • ★Dividend yield of 2.13% with a consistent or growing payout over the past 4 years.
  • ★Trailing P/E of 16.9x is 30% below the historical average of 24.3x — potentially undervalued relative to its own history.
  • ★Altman Z-Score of 4.08 indicates very low bankruptcy risk — the company is firmly in the safe zone.

Risks

BAC
  • ⚠Gross margin of 0.0% is low, suggesting a competitive or commodity-like market with limited pricing power.
  • ⚠Bank of America Corporation scores only 20/100 on the Economic Moat Score, suggesting limited durable competitive advantages.
  • ⚠Altman Z-Score of 0.22 places the company in the distress zone — financial patterns resemble those of companies that experienced bankruptcy.
HUM
  • ⚠Gross margin of 14.5% is low, suggesting a competitive or commodity-like market with limited pricing power.
  • ⚠FCF yield of 6.6% suggests reasonable valuation assuming continued moderate growth.
  • ⚠Free cash flow has declined at a 52.3% CAGR over the past 4 years — a concerning trend.

Key Valuation Metrics

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BAC
HUM
Valuation
N/A
Free Cash Flow
$1.32B
N/A
FCF Yield
6.58%
12.34
Trailing P/E
16.92
9.49
Forward P/E
10.89
Quality & Moat
4.61%
ROIC
-5.92%
N/A
ROE
6.70%
0.00%
Gross Margin
14.54%
0.58
PEG Ratio
N/A
Balance Sheet Safety
N/A
Debt / Equity
0.75
N/A
Interest Coverage
N/A
N/A
Net Debt / EBITDA
-1.86
2.38%
Dividend Yield
2.13%
BAC: 4Ties: 1HUM: 1
BACHUM

Historical Fundamentals

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BAC

Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.

HUM

Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.

Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.

$1 Retained Earnings Test

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BAC
$2.37
created per $1 retained over 3 years
Exceptional Value Creator
Σ Retained
$55.63B
Δ Market Cap
+$131.83B
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
HUM
$-9.22
created per $1 retained over 3 years
Market Cap Declined
Σ Retained
$3.59B
Δ Market Cap
$-33.12B
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer

Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer

Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Analysis

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BAC
64.3% Margin of Safety
Price is 64.3% below estimated fair value
Current Price: $47.01
Fair Value: $131.82
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued
HUM
78.4% Margin of Safety
Price is 78.4% below estimated fair value
Current Price: $166.45
Fair Value: $771.21
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued

Reverse DCF — Market-Implied Growth

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BAC

Requires positive FCF to compute implied growth rate.

HUM

What growth rate is the market pricing in at $166?

-0.1%
Market-Implied Owner Earnings Growth
Standard FCF implies -1.6%

The market implies -0.1% Owner Earnings growth, above historical trends.

Standard FCF implies a demanding -1.6%, reflecting heavy growth investment.

Economic Moat Score

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BAC
20/100
No Moat
70+ Wide · 40-69 Narrow · <40 None

No durable moat detected, though revenue predictability shows some competitive positioning. The business lacks consistent evidence of sustainable advantages.

Composite score measuring competitive advantage durability across four dimensions: returns above cost of capital, pricing power stability, revenue predictability, and capital efficiency. Based on 4 years of fundamental data.
HUM
39/100
No Moat
70+ Wide · 40-69 Narrow · <40 None

No durable moat detected, though revenue predictability shows some competitive positioning. The business lacks consistent evidence of sustainable advantages.

Composite score measuring competitive advantage durability across four dimensions: returns above cost of capital, pricing power stability, revenue predictability, and capital efficiency. Based on 4 years of fundamental data.

Forensic Accounting

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BAC
-2.31
Unlikely Manipulator
Above -1.78 = likely manipulator · -2.22 to -1.78 = grey zone

M-Score Trend

Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.
HUM
-2.27
Unlikely Manipulator
Above -1.78 = likely manipulator · -2.22 to -1.78 = grey zone

M-Score Trend

Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.

Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.

Ownership Breakdown

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BAC
Insiders 7.3%Institutions 71.2%Retail & Other 21.5%
No. of Institutional Holders4,445
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders — a key signal in Buffett-style analysis. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.
HUM
Insiders 0.2%Institutions 104.2%
No. of Institutional Holders1,274
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders — a key signal in Buffett-style analysis. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.

High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.

Insider Buying Activity

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BAC
0
Buys (3M)
0
Buys (12M)
No open market insider purchases found.
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises
HUM
1
Buys (3M)
2
Buys (12M)
Total value (12M): $1.65M
SHETTY SANJAY K
Officer
$150,016
@ $185.20 · 2026-02-23
RECHTIN JAMES A.
Chief Executive Officer
$1.50M
@ $229.25 · 2025-05-14
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises

Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises.

Insider Selling Activity

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BAC
5
Sells (3M)
5
Sells (12M)
Total value (12M): $20.17M
MENSAH BERNARD AMPONSAH
Officer
$4.41M
@ $46.94 · 2026-03-12
SCRIVENER THOMAS M
Officer
$2.49M
@ $49.82 · 2026-03-05
BRONSTEIN SHERI B
Officer
$2.99M
@ $49.91 · 2026-03-05
ATHANASIA DEAN C
President
$6.86M
@ $50.21 · 2026-03-03
BORTHWICK ALASTAIR M.
Chief Financial Officer
$3.42M
@ $50.24 · 2026-02-27
MENSAH BERNARD AMPONSAH
Officer
$3.66M
@ $39.80 · 2024-08-27
HANS LINDSAY D
Officer
$402,410
@ $36.91 · 2024-08-05
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives
HUM
0
Sells (3M)
0
Sells (12M)
HUVAL TIMOTHY S.
Officer
$948,925
@ $256.26 · 2024-12-31
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives

Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives.

🎭 Mr. Market's Mood

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BAC
FearGreed
😐Neutral(47/100)

"Market is pricing this stock without strong emotion in either direction"

Composite sentiment score based on 6 market signals. Inspired by Buffett's "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.
HUM
FearGreed
😨Fear(27/100)

"Market is pessimistic — investigate whether fears are temporary or structural"

Composite sentiment score based on 6 market signals. Inspired by Buffett's "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.

Composite sentiment score based on market signals. Inspired by Buffett’s "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.

⚖️ Buffett Signal

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BAC
⚪Awaiting DCF Data

The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.

DCF Margin of Safety: N/AMr. Market's Mood: Neutral (47)
HUM
⚪Awaiting DCF Data

The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.

DCF Margin of Safety: N/AMr. Market's Mood: Fear (27)
View BAC Full AnalysisView HUM Full Analysis
Bank of America Corporation (BAC) vs Humana Inc. (HUM) Stock Comparison | SafetyMargin.io