Compare Stocks › AMZN vs CAT
Amazon.com, Inc. (AMZN) vs Caterpillar Inc. (CAT)
AMZN
Amazon.com, Inc.
$268.42
VS
CAT
Caterpillar Inc.
$889.67
Rewards
AMZN
- ★Each dollar of retained earnings has created $5.34 of earning power — management is an exceptional capital allocator.
- ★Trailing P/E of 32.1x is 21% below the historical average of 40.6x — potentially undervalued relative to its own history.
- ★PEG ratio of 0.43 suggests the stock is undervalued relative to its growth rate — paying less than 1x for each unit of earnings growth.
CAT
- ★Caterpillar Inc. has maintained ROIC above 10% for 4 consecutive years, suggesting solid business economics.
- ★Caterpillar Inc. scores 75/100 on the Economic Moat Score (Wide Moat), with roic consistency as the strongest competitive dimension.
- ★Free cash flow has grown at a 13.0% CAGR over the past 4 years, demonstrating strong earnings power growth.
Risks
AMZN
- ⚠FCF yield of 0.3% is below 3%, meaning the market is pricing in substantial future growth to justify the current price.
- ⚠13 insider sales totaling $29.0M with no purchases in the past 3 months — insiders are reducing their exposure.
CAT
- ⚠FCF yield of 1.8% is below 3%, meaning the market is pricing in substantial future growth to justify the current price.
- ⚠Trailing P/E of 44.2x is 121% above the historical average of 20.0x — the stock trades at a premium to its own history.
- ⚠High leverage (2.31x debt/equity) combined with thin interest coverage (-1.0x) poses financial risk.
Key Valuation Metrics
Learn more →AMZN
CAT
Valuation
$9.81B
Free Cash Flow
$7.45B
0.34%
FCF Yield
1.80%
32.07
Trailing P/E
44.24
27.26
Forward P/E
30.59
Quality & Moat
11.38%
ROIC
16.12%
17.58%
ROE
47.61%
50.60%
Gross Margin
28.60%
0.43
PEG Ratio
1.46
Balance Sheet Safety
0.53
Debt / Equity
2.31
N/A
Interest Coverage
N/A
0.59
Net Debt / EBITDA
2.74
N/A
Dividend Yield
0.68%
AMZN: 7Ties: 1CAT: 3
AMZNCAT
Historical Fundamentals
Learn more →AMZN
Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.
CAT
Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.
Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation.
$1 Retained Earnings Test
Learn more →AMZN
$9.66
created per $1 retained over 3 years
Exceptional Value Creator
Σ Retained
$167.34B
Δ Market Cap
+$1.62T
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
CAT
$6.48
created per $1 retained over 3 years
Exceptional Value Creator
Σ Retained
$22.05B
Δ Market Cap
+$142.85B
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Analysis
Learn more →AMZN
21.4% Overvalued
Price is 21.4% above estimated fair value
Current Price: $268.42
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued
Fair Value: $221.02
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued
CAT
19.7% Overvalued
Price is 19.7% above estimated fair value
Current Price: $889.67
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued
Fair Value: $743.52
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued
Reverse DCF — Market-Implied Growth
Learn more →AMZN
What growth rate is the market pricing in at $268?
+16.6%
Market-Implied Owner Earnings Growth
Standard FCF implies +46.4%
The market implies +16.6% Owner Earnings growth, below historical trends — potential opportunity.
Standard FCF implies a more demanding +46.4%, reflecting heavy growth investment expected to generate future returns.
CAT
What growth rate is the market pricing in at $890?
+20.5%
Market-Implied Owner Earnings Growth
Standard FCF implies +22.9%
The market implies +20.5% Owner Earnings growth, above historical trends.
Standard FCF implies a demanding +22.9%, reflecting heavy growth investment.
Economic Moat Score
Learn more →AMZN
51/100
Narrow Moat
70+ Wide · 40-69 Narrow · <40 None
Narrow moat with revenue predictability as the key competitive advantage. Improving margin stability would strengthen the moat.
Composite score measuring competitive advantage durability across four dimensions: returns above cost of capital, pricing power stability, revenue predictability, and capital efficiency. Based on 5 years of fundamental data.
CAT
75/100
Wide Moat
70+ Wide · 40-69 Narrow · <40 None
Wide moat with strength across all dimensions. ROIC Consistency is the standout factor.
Composite score measuring competitive advantage durability across four dimensions: returns above cost of capital, pricing power stability, revenue predictability, and capital efficiency. Based on 4 years of fundamental data.
Forensic Accounting
Learn more →AMZN
-2.58
Unlikely Manipulator
Above -1.78 = likely manipulator · -2.22 to -1.78 = grey zone
M-Score Trend
Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.
CAT
-2.43
Unlikely Manipulator
Above -1.78 = likely manipulator · -2.22 to -1.78 = grey zone
M-Score Trend
Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.
Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.
Ownership Breakdown
Learn more →AMZN
Insiders 8.9%Institutions 67.0%Retail & Other 24.0%
No. of Institutional Holders7,647
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders — a key signal in Buffett-style analysis. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.
CAT
Insiders 0.2%Institutions 73.7%Retail & Other 26.1%
No. of Institutional Holders4,395
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders — a key signal in Buffett-style analysis. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.
Insider Buying Activity
Learn more →AMZN
0
Buys (3M)
0
Buys (12M)
No open market insider purchases found.
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises
CAT
0
Buys (3M)
2
Buys (12M)
Total value (12M): $290,920
MACLENNAN DAVID W
Director
$170,658
@ $568.86 · 2025-11-06
MACLENNAN DAVID W
Director
$120,262
@ $320.70 · 2025-05-07
JOHNSON GERALD
Director
$31,848
@ $318.48 · 2025-05-02
JOHNSON GERALD
Director
$36,557
@ $365.57 · 2025-02-04
JOHNSON GERALD
Director
$39,857
@ $398.57 · 2024-12-04
JOHNSON GERALD
Director
$33,859
@ $338.59 · 2024-09-04
JOHNSON GERALD
Director
$35,640
@ $356.40 · 2024-05-20
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises.
Insider Selling Activity
Learn more →AMZN
13
Sells (3M)
51
Sells (12M)
Total value (12M): $5.75B
RUBINSTEIN JONATHAN J
Director
$1.00M
@ $260.00 · 2026-04-24
JASSY ANDREW R.
Chief Executive Officer
$7.91M
@ $255.00 · 2026-04-17
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$5.02M
@ $245.00 · 2026-04-14
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$210,500
@ $210.50 · 2026-04-01
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$204,250
@ $204.25 · 2026-03-02
ZAPOLSKY DAVID A.
Officer
$3.65M
@ $205.40 · 2026-02-24
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$1.41M
@ $205.82 · 2026-02-23
GARMAN MATTHEW S
Officer
$3.64M
@ $205.22 · 2026-02-23
JASSY ANDREW R.
Chief Executive Officer
$4.08M
@ $205.18 · 2026-02-23
REYNOLDS SHELLEY L
Officer
$554,892
@ $205.90 · 2026-02-23
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$948,990
@ $198.37 · 2026-02-17
ALEXANDER KEITH BRIAN
Director
$183,492
@ $203.88 · 2026-02-12
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$208,000
@ $208.00 · 2026-02-11
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$583,050
@ $233.22 · 2025-12-01
ZAPOLSKY DAVID A.
Officer
$4.56M
@ $220.58 · 2025-11-24
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$1.48M
@ $216.40 · 2025-11-21
GARMAN MATTHEW S
Officer
$3.85M
@ $216.90 · 2025-11-21
JASSY ANDREW R.
Chief Executive Officer
$4.31M
@ $216.94 · 2025-11-21
REYNOLDS SHELLEY L
Officer
$583,222
@ $216.41 · 2025-11-21
HUTTENLOCHER DANIEL P
Director
$280,317
@ $226.61 · 2025-11-20
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$1.11M
@ $232.71 · 2025-11-17
ALEXANDER KEITH BRIAN
Director
$209,700
@ $233.00 · 2025-11-17
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$6.14M
@ $250.58 · 2025-11-03
RUBINSTEIN JONATHAN J
Director
$2.04M
@ $250.03 · 2025-10-31
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$542,750
@ $217.10 · 2025-10-01
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$558,725
@ $223.49 · 2025-09-02
ZAPOLSKY DAVID A.
Officer
$4.60M
@ $222.34 · 2025-08-22
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$1.51M
@ $221.62 · 2025-08-21
GARMAN MATTHEW S
Officer
$3.94M
@ $221.57 · 2025-08-21
OLSAVSKY BRIAN T.
Chief Financial Officer
$3.95M
@ $222.74 · 2025-08-21
JASSY ANDREW R.
Chief Executive Officer
$4.40M
@ $221.58 · 2025-08-21
REYNOLDS SHELLEY L
Officer
$601,755
@ $221.64 · 2025-08-21
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$1.11M
@ $232.32 · 2025-08-15
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$542,500
@ $217.00 · 2025-08-01
BEZOS JEFFREY P
Officer and Director
$954.28M
@ $229.72 · 2025-07-24
BEZOS JEFFREY P
Officer and Director
$1.51B
@ $228.34 · 2025-07-22
BEZOS JEFFREY P
Officer and Director
$166.45M
@ $227.02 · 2025-07-15
BEZOS JEFFREY P
Officer and Director
$1.51B
@ $225.21 · 2025-07-14
BEZOS JEFFREY P
Officer and Director
$108.68M
@ $223.99 · 2025-07-09
BEZOS JEFFREY P
Officer and Director
$665.86M
@ $223.86 · 2025-07-07
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$550,144
@ $220.06 · 2025-07-01
BEZOS JEFFREY P
Officer and Director
$736.68M
@ $221.56 · 2025-06-30
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$512,450
@ $204.98 · 2025-06-02
ZAPOLSKY DAVID A.
Officer
$4.18M
@ $202.00 · 2025-05-22
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Chief Executive Officer
$1.37M
@ $200.77 · 2025-05-21
GARMAN MATTHEW S
Chief Executive Officer
$4.21M
@ $201.30 · 2025-05-21
OLSAVSKY BRIAN T.
Chief Financial Officer
$3.58M
@ $201.57 · 2025-05-21
JASSY ANDREW R.
Chief Executive Officer
$4.00M
@ $201.30 · 2025-05-21
REYNOLDS SHELLEY L
Officer
$541,129
@ $200.79 · 2025-05-21
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Chief Executive Officer
$980,971
@ $205.05 · 2025-05-15
ALEXANDER KEITH BRIAN
Director
$210,680
@ $210.68 · 2025-05-12
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$476,675
@ $190.67 · 2025-05-01
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$469,975
@ $187.99 · 2025-04-01
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Chief Executive Officer
$532,925
@ $213.17 · 2025-03-03
ZAPOLSKY DAVID A.
Officer
$5.47M
@ $218.25 · 2025-02-24
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$1.36M
@ $222.47 · 2025-02-21
GARMAN MATTHEW S
Officer
$3.36M
@ $220.69 · 2025-02-21
OLSAVSKY BRIAN T.
Chief Financial Officer
$3.26M
@ $223.14 · 2025-02-21
JASSY ANDREW R.
Chief Executive Officer
$4.59M
@ $220.65 · 2025-02-21
REYNOLDS SHELLEY L
Officer
$1.97M
@ $222.47 · 2025-02-21
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$1.26M
@ $228.44 · 2025-02-18
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$6.33M
@ $230.27 · 2025-02-12
RUBINSTEIN JONATHAN J
Director
$1.00M
@ $229.85 · 2024-12-09
RUBINSTEIN JONATHAN J
Director
$1.00M
@ $219.85 · 2024-12-04
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$735,000
@ $210.00 · 2024-12-02
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$1.22M
@ $200.19 · 2024-11-21
GARMAN MATTHEW S
Chief Executive Officer
$3.05M
@ $200.19 · 2024-11-21
ZAPOLSKY DAVID A.
Officer
$2.34M
@ $200.23 · 2024-11-21
OLSAVSKY BRIAN T.
Chief Financial Officer
$2.96M
@ $202.88 · 2024-11-21
JASSY ANDREW R.
Chief Executive Officer
$4.16M
@ $200.17 · 2024-11-21
REYNOLDS SHELLEY L
Officer
$759,090
@ $200.23 · 2024-11-21
HUTTENLOCHER DANIEL P
Director
$246,237
@ $199.06 · 2024-11-19
HERRINGTON DOUGLAS J
Officer
$1.13M
@ $205.81 · 2024-11-15
BEZOS JEFFREY P
Officer and Director
$686.52M
@ $207.99 · 2024-11-13
BEZOS JEFFREY P
Officer, Director and Beneficial Owner
$1.25B
@ $207.80 · 2024-11-11
BEZOS JEFFREY P
Officer, Director and Beneficial Owner
$1.23B
@ $205.48 · 2024-11-07
RUBINSTEIN JONATHAN J
Director
$1.00M
@ $209.85 · 2024-11-07
ALEXANDER KEITH BRIAN
Director
$176,733
@ $196.37 · 2024-11-04
BEZOS JEFFREY P
Officer, Director and Beneficial Owner
$213.76M
@ $200.07 · 2024-11-01
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives
CAT
10
Sells (3M)
24
Sells (12M)
Total value (12M): $156.13M
CREED JOSEPH E
Chief Executive Officer
$1.80M
@ $718.93 · 2026-03-05
SHURMAN RODNEY MICHAEL
Officer
$1.73M
@ $759.61 · 2026-02-23
SHURMAN RODNEY MICHAEL
Officer
$1.35M
@ $763.39 · 2026-02-17
SCHAUPP WILLIAM E
Officer
$742,802
@ $764.20 · 2026-02-17
FASSINO ANTHONY D.
Officer
$6.13M
@ $776.90 · 2026-02-13
KAISER JASON
Officer
$1.31M
@ $776.70 · 2026-02-12
DE LANGE BOB
Officer
$9.59M
@ $767.08 · 2026-02-11
DE LANGE BOB
Officer
$16.31M
@ $720.11 · 2026-02-06
FASSINO ANTHONY D.
Officer
$4.36M
@ $722.15 · 2026-02-06
DE LANGE BOB
Officer
$11.33M
@ $704.97 · 2026-02-04
JOHNSON DENISE C.
Officer
$26.66M
@ $681.08 · 2026-02-02
DE LANGE BOB
Officer
$10.91M
@ $682.99 · 2026-02-02
FASSINO ANTHONY D.
Officer
$7.26M
@ $680.45 · 2026-02-02
BONFIELD ANDREW ROBERT JOHN
Chief Financial Officer
$5.75M
@ $575.06 · 2025-12-31
BONFIELD ANDREW ROBERT JOHN
Chief Financial Officer
$5.71M
@ $571.44 · 2025-12-01
KAISER JASON
Officer
$6.03M
@ $563.60 · 2025-11-11
FASSINO ANTHONY D.
Officer
$4.67M
@ $570.18 · 2025-11-10
DE LANGE BOB
Officer
$8.23M
@ $562.36 · 2025-11-05
SCHAUPP WILLIAM E
Officer
$686,664
@ $572.22 · 2025-11-05
UMPLEBY DONALD JAMES III
Officer
$8.67M
@ $505.29 · 2025-10-10
UMPLEBY DONALD JAMES III
Officer
$7.94M
@ $462.65 · 2025-09-22
UMPLEBY DONALD JAMES III
Officer and Director
$7.09M
@ $412.87 · 2025-09-02
SCHWAB SUSAN C
Director
$952,840
@ $410.00 · 2025-08-15
KAISER JASON
Officer
$902,650
@ $417.70 · 2025-08-11
KAISER JASON
Officer
$860,148
@ $354.70 · 2025-02-18
BONFIELD ANDREW ROBERT JOHN
Chief Financial Officer
$3.80M
@ $380.09 · 2025-01-16
FASSINO ANTHONY D.
President
$2.57M
@ $408.59 · 2024-11-29
BONFIELD ANDREW ROBERT JOHN
Chief Financial Officer
$4.05M
@ $405.36 · 2024-11-25
SCHWAB SUSAN C
Director
$766.00
@ $383.00 · 2024-11-15
DE LANGE BOB
Officer
$5.19M
@ $410.25 · 2024-11-07
DICKINSON DANIEL M
Director
$543,400
@ $418.00 · 2024-11-06
FASSINO ANTHONY D.
President
$2.26M
@ $409.84 · 2024-11-06
JOHNSON CHERYL H
Officer
$1.01M
@ $378.84 · 2024-11-04
SCHAUPP WILLIAM E
Officer
$368,789
@ $380.98 · 2024-11-01
FASSINO ANTHONY D.
Officer
$1.12M
@ $351.36 · 2024-08-30
JOHNSON CHERYL H
Officer
$1.02M
@ $342.48 · 2024-08-22
JOHNSON CHERYL H
Officer
$527,800
@ $350.00 · 2024-07-16
JOHNSON CHERYL H
Officer
$512,720
@ $340.00 · 2024-05-30
DE LANGE BOB
Officer
$7.80M
@ $356.90 · 2024-05-13
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives.
🎭 Mr. Market's Mood
Learn more →AMZN
😏Greed(73/100)
"Market is optimistic — be cautious and ensure you have a margin of safety"
Composite sentiment score based on 6 market signals. Inspired by Buffett's "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.
CAT
😏Greed(70/100)
"Market is optimistic — be cautious and ensure you have a margin of safety"
Composite sentiment score based on 6 market signals. Inspired by Buffett's "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.
Composite sentiment score based on market signals. Inspired by Buffett’s "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.
⚖️ Buffett Signal
Learn more →AMZN
⚪Awaiting DCF Data
The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.
DCF Margin of Safety: N/AMr. Market's Mood: Greed (73)
CAT
⚪Awaiting DCF Data
The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.
DCF Margin of Safety: N/AMr. Market's Mood: Greed (70)