Compare StocksAMD vs CRWD

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) vs CrowdStrike Holdings, Inc. (CRWD): Which Is the Better Buy in 2026?

As of 2026-08-03, AMD is undervalued at $476, with a DCF intrinsic value of $357902777187 and a margin of safety of 100%. CRWD is overvalued at $191, with an intrinsic value of $125 and a margin of safety of -53%. Of the two, AMD has the wider margin of safety.

AMD
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
$476.15
VS
CRWD
CrowdStrike Holdings, Inc.
$190.86

Rewards

AMD
  • Free cash flow has grown at a 29.3% CAGR over the past 4 years, demonstrating strong earnings power growth.
  • Each dollar of retained earnings has created $2.01 of earning power — management is an exceptional capital allocator.
  • Management has timed buybacks well — 3 out of 4 years showed value-accretive repurchases.
CRWD
  • Gross margin of 75.1% indicates strong pricing power — typical of businesses with significant intellectual property or brand strength.
  • Free cash flow has grown at a 22.5% CAGR over the past 4 years, demonstrating strong earnings power growth.
  • Altman Z-Score of 18.08 indicates very low bankruptcy risk — the company is firmly in the safe zone.

Risks

AMD
  • Altman Z-Score of 1.00 places the company in the distress zone — financial patterns resemble those of companies that experienced bankruptcy.
  • 7 insider sales totaling $144.5M with no purchases in the past 3 months — insiders are reducing their exposure.
CRWD
  • Share count has increased by 12% over the past 4 years, diluting existing shareholders.
  • FCF yield of 1.0% is below 3%, meaning the market is pricing in substantial future growth to justify the current price.
  • PEG ratio of 6.21 indicates the stock is expensive relative to its expected growth — the market may be pricing in more growth than analysts project.

Key Valuation Metrics

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AMD
CRWD
Valuation
$7.17B
Free Cash Flow
$1.93B
N/A
FCF Yield
0.99%
158.72
Trailing P/E
N/A
34.33
Forward P/E
122.14
Quality & Moat
6.23%
ROIC
-1.62%
8.06%
ROE
-0.25%
53.06%
Gross Margin
75.14%
1.12
PEG Ratio
6.21
Balance Sheet Safety
Net cash
Net Debt / Equity
Net cash
N/A
Interest Coverage
N/A
-1.14
Net Debt / EBITDA
-62.90
0.00%
Dividend Yield
0.00%
AMD: 5Ties: 1CRWD: 4
AMDCRWD

Historical Fundamentals

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AMD

Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation. The dashed forward point is the forward P/E — today's price ÷ analyst consensus EPS.

CRWD

Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation. The dashed forward point is the forward P/E — today's price ÷ analyst consensus EPS.

Price ÷ Earnings Per Share — how many years of current earnings you're paying for at today's price. Lower P/E may indicate undervaluation. The dashed forward point is the forward P/E — today's price ÷ analyst consensus EPS.

$1 Retained Earnings Test

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AMD
$0.00
created per $1 retained over 3 years
Value Destroyer
Σ Retained
$6.83B
Δ Market Cap
+$149.39
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer
CRWD
N/A
Net losses over 3 years — test not applicable
Company had negative cumulative retained earnings
Σ Retained
$-105.6M
Δ Market Cap
+$135.72B
Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer

Buffett's "$1 Test": For every $1 of earnings retained, has management created at least $1 of market value?
> $1 created per $1 retained = Value Creator · < $1 created = Value Destroyer

Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Analysis

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AMD
100.0% Margin of Safety
Price is 100.0% below estimated fair value
Current Price: $476.15
Fair Value: $491923763775.66
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued
CRWD
53.2% Overvalued
Price is 53.2% above estimated fair value
Current Price: $190.86
Fair Value: $124.59
Strongly undervalued
Undervalued
Fairly valued
Overvalued
Strongly overvalued

Reverse DCF — Market-Implied Growth

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AMD

What growth rate is the market pricing in at $476?

-30.0%
Market-Implied Owner Earnings Growth
Standard FCF implies -30.0%

The market implies -30.0% Owner Earnings growth, below historical trends — potential opportunity.

Standard FCF implies a more demanding -30.0%, reflecting heavy growth investment expected to generate future returns.

CRWD

What growth rate is the market pricing in at $191?

+29.8%
Market-Implied FCF Growth Rate

Market above historical growth — verify catalysts.

Economic Moat Score

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AMD
41/100
Narrow Moat
70+ Wide · 40-69 Narrow · <40 None

Narrow moat with reinvestment efficiency as the key competitive advantage. Improving roic consistency would strengthen the moat.

Composite score measuring competitive advantage durability across four dimensions: returns above cost of capital, pricing power stability, revenue predictability, and capital efficiency. Based on 4 years of fundamental data.
CRWD
42/100
Narrow Moat
70+ Wide · 40-69 Narrow · <40 None

Narrow moat with revenue predictability as the key competitive advantage. Improving margin stability would strengthen the moat.

Composite score measuring competitive advantage durability across four dimensions: returns above cost of capital, pricing power stability, revenue predictability, and capital efficiency. Based on 5 years of fundamental data.

Forensic Accounting

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AMD
-2.84
Unlikely Manipulator
Above -1.78 = likely manipulator · -2.22 to -1.78 = grey zone

M-Score Trend

Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.
CRWD

Insufficient data for Beneish M-Score calculation (requires 2+ years).

Beneish's 8-variable model estimates the probability of earnings manipulation. An M-Score above -1.78 signals elevated risk — companies in this range have historically been 3-5× more likely to be manipulating earnings. Scores between -2.22 and -1.78 fall in a grey zone warranting further investigation.

Ownership Breakdown

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AMD
Insiders 0.4%Institutions 72.0%Retail & Other 27.6%
No. of Institutional Holders4,601
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders — a key signal in Buffett-style analysis. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.
CRWD
Insiders 1.5%Institutions 74.4%Retail & Other 24.1%
No. of Institutional Holders2,951
High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders — a key signal in Buffett-style analysis. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.

High insider ownership aligns management incentives with shareholders. Institutional concentration can indicate smart-money conviction but also crowding risk.

Insider Buying Activity

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AMD
0
Buys (3M)
0
Buys (12M)
GUIDO PHILIP
Officer
$999,328
@ $113.56 · 2025-05-20
GUIDO PHILIP
Officer
$499,616
@ $107.56 · 2025-02-07
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises
CRWD
0
Buys (3M)
0
Buys (12M)
No open market insider purchases found.
Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises

Open market purchases · includes direct & indirect ownership · excludes option exercises.

Insider Selling Activity

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AMD
7
Sells (3M)
32
Sells (12M)
Total value (12M): $312.48M
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$3.34M
@ $556.43 · 2026-07-15
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$3.22M
@ $536.33 · 2026-06-15
SU LISA T
Chief Executive Officer
$57.59M
@ $460.69 · 2026-06-10
DENZEL NORA M
Director
$5.45M
@ $522.00 · 2026-06-02
NORROD FORREST EUGENE
Officer
$8.41M
@ $431.40 · 2026-05-20
SU LISA T
Chief Executive Officer
$55.69M
@ $445.51 · 2026-05-13
GRASBY PAUL DARREN
Officer
$10.83M
@ $444.39 · 2026-05-08
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$10.96M
@ $350.00 · 2026-04-24
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$8.99M
@ $271.47 · 2026-04-16
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$740,925
@ $225.00 · 2026-04-06
SU LISA T
Chief Executive Officer
$16.90M
@ $198.77 · 2026-03-12
GRASBY PAUL DARREN
Officer
$1.54M
@ $204.87 · 2026-03-11
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$606,800
@ $200.00 · 2026-03-04
HAHN AVA M
General Counsel
$56,814
@ $198.65 · 2026-02-18
HU JEAN X
Chief Financial Officer
$4.02M
@ $201.62 · 2026-02-17
SU LISA T
Chief Executive Officer
$26.79M
@ $214.36 · 2026-02-11
NORROD FORREST EUGENE
Officer
$4.22M
@ $216.81 · 2026-02-11
HAHN AVA M
General Counsel
$572,454
@ $234.42 · 2026-01-16
SU LISA T
Chief Executive Officer
$26.89M
@ $215.14 · 2025-12-11
GRASBY PAUL DARREN
Officer
$2.19M
@ $218.77 · 2025-12-04
HU JEAN X
Chief Financial Officer
$3.05M
@ $209.96 · 2025-11-24
NORROD FORREST EUGENE
Officer
$4.46M
@ $229.37 · 2025-11-19
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$4.11M
@ $240.12 · 2025-11-14
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$3.77M
@ $224.28 · 2025-10-15
HAHN AVA M
General Counsel
$648,197
@ $226.01 · 2025-10-06
NORROD FORREST EUGENE
Officer
$371,272
@ $165.01 · 2025-09-24
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$2.67M
@ $159.20 · 2025-09-15
NORROD FORREST EUGENE
Officer
$2.77M
@ $160.93 · 2025-09-10
HAHN AVA M
General Counsel
$22,608
@ $158.10 · 2025-09-02
SU LISA T
Chief Executive Officer
$36.89M
@ $163.97 · 2025-08-21
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$2.99M
@ $178.11 · 2025-08-15
GRASBY PAUL DARREN
Officer
$1.73M
@ $173.21 · 2025-08-12
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$2.79M
@ $155.03 · 2025-07-15
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$2.03M
@ $116.00 · 2025-06-13
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$2.04M
@ $116.59 · 2025-05-15
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$1.67M
@ $95.47 · 2025-04-15
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$1.75M
@ $100.27 · 2025-03-14
PAPERMASTER MARK D
Chief Technology Officer
$1.99M
@ $113.57 · 2025-02-14
SU LISA T
Chief Executive Officer
$10.91M
@ $142.66 · 2024-12-04
SU LISA T
Chief Executive Officer
$10.91M
@ $142.66 · 2024-12-04
SU LISA T
Chief Executive Officer
$11.51M
@ $143.87 · 2024-11-06
NORROD FORREST EUGENE
Officer
$5.74M
@ $141.67 · 2024-11-05
SU LISA T
Chief Executive Officer
$11.58M
@ $144.72 · 2024-09-11
SU LISA T
Chief Executive Officer
$12.60M
@ $157.44 · 2024-08-20
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives
CRWD
56
Sells (3M)
90
Sells (12M)
Total value (12M): $315.09M
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$3.61M
@ $180.59 · 2026-07-29
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$3.67M
@ $183.36 · 2026-07-27
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$3.26M
@ $186.54 · 2026-07-23
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.93M
@ $192.67 · 2026-07-21
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$4.09M
@ $204.26 · 2026-07-20
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$4.12M
@ $206.25 · 2026-07-16
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$3.92M
@ $196.13 · 2026-07-14
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$3.86M
@ $192.81 · 2026-07-10
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$3.86M
@ $193.23 · 2026-07-08
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$9.78M
@ $488.92 · 2026-07-06
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$7.73M
@ $3090.96 · 2026-07-01
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.95M
@ $743.09 · 2026-06-30
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$7.23M
@ $3052.56 · 2026-06-30
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.24M
@ $681.86 · 2026-06-26
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.20M
@ $695.55 · 2026-06-26
SAHA ANURAG
Officer
$1.02M
@ $680.49 · 2026-06-24
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.70M
@ $678.55 · 2026-06-24
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$698,967
@ $680.59 · 2026-06-24
SAHA ANURAG
Officer
$1.18M
@ $684.86 · 2026-06-22
SENTONAS MICHAEL
President
$8.37M
@ $684.86 · 2026-06-22
PODBERE BURT W.
Chief Financial Officer
$5.81M
@ $692.04 · 2026-06-22
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$12.67M
@ $685.26 · 2026-06-22
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.87M
@ $687.70 · 2026-06-22
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.51M
@ $680.30 · 2026-06-18
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$895,993
@ $682.40 · 2026-06-18
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.14M
@ $686.70 · 2026-06-16
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.29M
@ $683.71 · 2026-06-16
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.48M
@ $689.12 · 2026-06-12
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$940,203
@ $670.14 · 2026-06-11
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.74M
@ $652.06 · 2026-06-10
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.49M
@ $639.79 · 2026-06-09
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.63M
@ $663.95 · 2026-06-08
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.74M
@ $686.53 · 2026-06-08
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.76M
@ $730.25 · 2026-06-04
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$868,977
@ $712.28 · 2026-06-04
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.35M
@ $762.79 · 2026-06-02
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.46M
@ $762.44 · 2026-06-02
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.49M
@ $677.83 · 2026-05-29
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.42M
@ $722.63 · 2026-05-29
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.17M
@ $648.25 · 2026-05-28
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$3.31M
@ $668.17 · 2026-05-26
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$26,398
@ $676.87 · 2026-05-26
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.85M
@ $642.29 · 2026-05-21
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$365,586
@ $654.00 · 2026-05-21
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.98M
@ $615.42 · 2026-05-19
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$101,018
@ $631.36 · 2026-05-19
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.47M
@ $587.51 · 2026-05-15
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.71M
@ $556.19 · 2026-05-14
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.12M
@ $578.63 · 2026-05-14
SENTONAS MICHAEL
President
$5.50M
@ $550.00 · 2026-05-12
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.68M
@ $538.69 · 2026-05-12
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$10,471
@ $551.11 · 2026-05-12
SENTONAS MICHAEL
President
$23.90M
@ $531.11 · 2026-05-11
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.55M
@ $499.11 · 2026-05-08
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$990,449
@ $520.74 · 2026-05-08
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.36M
@ $471.32 · 2026-05-06
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$4.17M
@ $460.08 · 2026-05-04
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.35M
@ $468.56 · 2026-05-04
PODBERE BURT W.
Chief Financial Officer
$883,799
@ $457.22 · 2026-05-04
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.23M
@ $446.56 · 2026-04-30
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.27M
@ $454.73 · 2026-04-28
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.97M
@ $445.11 · 2026-04-24
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$261,586
@ $449.46 · 2026-04-24
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$1.89M
@ $454.39 · 2026-04-22
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$390,651
@ $465.62 · 2026-04-22
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.13M
@ $426.83 · 2026-04-20
SAHA ANURAG
Officer
$1.35M
@ $428.78 · 2026-04-17
SAHA ANURAG
Officer
$467,786
@ $411.06 · 2026-03-23
SENTONAS MICHAEL
President
$7.96M
@ $411.06 · 2026-03-23
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$13.15M
@ $411.88 · 2026-03-23
PODBERE BURT W.
Chief Financial Officer
$6.53M
@ $410.45 · 2026-03-23
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$11.92M
@ $413.01 · 2026-02-04
PODBERE BURT W.
Chief Financial Officer
$3.27M
@ $415.78 · 2026-02-04
PODBERE BURT W.
Chief Financial Officer
$714,472
@ $438.33 · 2026-02-02
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$2.97M
@ $438.60 · 2026-02-02
FLOWER JOHANNA
Director
$1.39M
@ $461.94 · 2026-01-15
SAHA ANURAG
Officer
$398,630
@ $476.83 · 2025-12-24
SAHA ANURAG
Officer
$734,063
@ $479.78 · 2025-12-22
SENTONAS MICHAEL
President
$5.50M
@ $479.78 · 2025-12-22
PODBERE BURT W.
Chief Financial Officer
$5.08M
@ $483.33 · 2025-12-22
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$8.45M
@ $481.38 · 2025-12-22
PODBERE BURT W.
Chief Financial Officer
$1.08M
@ $550.41 · 2025-11-03
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$3.84M
@ $549.89 · 2025-11-03
FLOWER JOHANNA
Director
$1.15M
@ $490.98 · 2025-10-15
SENTONAS MICHAEL
President
$12.72M
@ $509.00 · 2025-10-10
SENTONAS MICHAEL
President
$10.00M
@ $500.00 · 2025-10-01
SAHA ANURAG
Officer
$1.96M
@ $489.83 · 2025-09-24
SENTONAS MICHAEL
President
$5.73M
@ $495.69 · 2025-09-22
PODBERE BURT W.
Chief Financial Officer
$5.31M
@ $495.67 · 2025-09-22
KURTZ GEORGE ROBERT
Chief Executive Officer
$8.82M
@ $494.53 · 2025-09-22
Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives

Direct ownership only · excludes indirect, option exercises, planned (10b5-1) sales & derivatives.

🎭 Mr. Market's Mood

Learn more →
AMD
FearGreed
😐Neutral(49/100)

"Market is pricing this stock without strong emotion in either direction"

Composite sentiment score based on 6 market signals. Inspired by Buffett's "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.
CRWD
FearGreed
😐Neutral(57/100)

"Market is pricing this stock without strong emotion in either direction"

Composite sentiment score based on 6 market signals. Inspired by Buffett's "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.

Composite sentiment score based on market signals. Inspired by Buffett’s "Mr. Market" allegory — fear = potential opportunity, greed = potential risk. Must be used alongside fundamental analysis, not in isolation.

⚖️ Buffett Signal

Learn more →
AMD
Awaiting DCF Data

The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.

DCF Margin of Safety: N/AMr. Market's Mood: Neutral (49)
CRWD
Awaiting DCF Data

The Buffett Signal cross-references market sentiment with DCF valuation. Configure the DCF Analysis above to generate a signal.

DCF Margin of Safety: N/AMr. Market's Mood: Neutral (57)
View AMD Full AnalysisView CRWD Full Analysis

Frequently Asked Questions: AMD vs CRWD

Is Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. or CrowdStrike Holdings, Inc. more undervalued in 2026?

Based on our discounted cash flow model, AMD trades at a 100.0% margin of safety (intrinsic value $357902777187 vs. price $476), compared to CRWD's -53.2% margin of safety (intrinsic $125 vs. $191).

Which stock has a wider economic moat, Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. or CrowdStrike Holdings, Inc.?

CRWD scores 42/100 (Narrow moat), while AMD scores 41/100 (Narrow moat). The moat score measures competitive advantage durability across ROIC consistency, margin stability, revenue predictability, and reinvestment efficiency.

Is Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. in financial distress?

AMD's Altman Z-Score of 1.0 places it in the Distress zone, signaling elevated bankruptcy risk. CRWD scores 18.1 (Safe zone). The Altman Z-Score is a five-factor model that predicts insolvency within two years; scores below 1.81 indicate significant distress.

Which stock has higher return on invested capital, Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. or CrowdStrike Holdings, Inc.?

AMD earns 6.2% ROIC versus CRWD's -1.6%. A higher ROIC means the company generates more profit per dollar of capital employed, a hallmark of durable competitive advantage in Buffett-style analysis.